Is breakfast really the most important meal of the day?

“Don’t leave the house without breakfast – it’s the most important meal of the day!” Many of us grew up hearing these words from our parents. But is it true? The answer, it seems, is more complicated than a simple yes or no.

The idea became popular in the twentieth century, and food companies that sold breakfast cereals helped to spread it in their adverts. That does not mean the idea is wrong, but it is a good reason to look at the evidence.

For children and teenagers, a good breakfast does seem to help. Several studies have found that students who eat in the morning find it easier to concentrate in class, especially in the last lessons before lunch. Their bodies are still growing, and they need regular energy.

For adults, the picture is less clear. Some people feel hungry and tired without breakfast, while others feel perfectly fine until lunchtime. Some research has connected skipping breakfast with health problems, but people who skip it often have other habits too, such as sleeping less or eating more snacks at night. So it is hard to know what the real cause is.

What most experts agree on is this: what you eat matters more than when you eat it. A bowl of sugary cereal or a big pastry gives you a quick burst of energy, but you may feel hungry again an hour later. Eggs, yoghurt, fruit or wholemeal bread keep you full for longer.

So should you eat breakfast? If you are hungry in the morning, yes – and choose something healthy. If you are not, there is probably no need to force yourself. Listen to your body.